Water e-Journal

Water e-Journal is the premier online hub for water, science and technical paper publication in Australia.

All technical papers that are submitted will be considered for publication in Water e-Journal, with one-page Executive Summaries also considered for publication in ‘Current’ magazine.

Each paper goes through a rigorous quality control and peer-review evaluation process before being published.

Submitted papers are tabled at monthly technical editorial meetings where they are assigned to referees. The papers are peer-reviewed, with reviewers suggesting amendments if necessary. Once amendments are made by the author, the paper is edited, designed and published online in Water e-Journal. Executive Summaries are also published online, with links through to the full papers.

Technical papers should be submitted along with a 500-word Executive Summary, the relevant data and high-resolution graphics or images to journal@awa.asn.au.

Please see the Submission Guidelines for details on word count, style and other requirements, or email journal@awa.asn.au for more information.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARIES

VOLUME 2 – ISSUE 3

YOU ARE MEASURING IT, BUT ARE YOU MANAGING IT? The Role of Active Monitoring in Smart Metering I Singh, G Hauber-Davidson Water security and demand management are prominent issues whilst discussing Australia’s future. Smart metering has emerged as an integral tool in this regard. This paper argues that the true benefit ... READ MORE

VOLUME 2 – ISSUE 2

EVALUATION OF A UTILIZED DOMESTICATED WATER TRANSPORT AND STORAGE DEVICE IN KENYA Water transport and storage using a water backpack PG Kirira, SM Karenga, GN Michuki In developing countries, it is reported that as much as 80% of prevalent illnesses are linked to poor water and sanitation conditions. In Kenya, 43% of the people do not have access to clean water and  ... READ MORE

MEMBRANE CLEANING: FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE Flexible cleaning regimes promote membrane permeability C Liu Low-pressure membranes (microfiltration and ultrafiltration) are increasingly replacing conventional water treatment processes as the result of more stringent regulations and greatly improved competitive ... READ MORE

IMPROVED LIQUID PHASE ODOUR CONTROL IN THE SEWERAGE NETWORK A case study using Biosol in Griffith NSW N Chandler In January 2014, Biosol was awarded a public tender to treat the total Griffith City Council (GCC) sewer network for odour and corrosion control. By April 2014 the former dosing regimen of Magnesium... READ MORE

WATER CHALLENGES IN THE MARSHALL ISLANDS Managing drought in a high rainfall Atoll country A Gale, H deBrum It is hard to believe that when a community receives in excess of 3000mm/year of rain (almost five times Melbourne’s average annual rainfall) that water could be so precious. Yet that is exactly the ... READ MORE

IRRIGATED PUBLIC OPEN SPACES Using a lawn irrigation trial to find a balanced fertilisation/ watering approach for use in the wet-dry tropics R Hasan, C Fairfield Irrigation consumes more water in Darwin than in many other cities in Australia. Darwin is the only Australian capital city not to have been subjected to water restrictions, and people in Darwin use ... READ MORE

TRANSLATING BIG DATA MODEL OUTPUT TO INFORM POLICY AND DECISION MAKING Tools and techniques to turn strings of numbers into logical information for technical experts and the community M van der Sterren, M Griffith, S Manning, P Tate, J Dixon Sydney Water was recently faced with this challenge following the completion of the Hawkesbury-Nepean River and South Creek model. This paper presents different techniques used to analyse the ... READ MORE

PERFORMANCE UNDER STRESS Calibration of Redcliffe Water Supply Network K Goraya, J Xu In general, water hydraulic models in Queensland are validated only for seasonal max hour demand conditions for long term planning. Under these conditions, the observed head loss is small in comparison ... READ MORE

UNDERSTANDING NAEGLERIA FOWLERI A Different Type of Pathogen, An Increasing Climate Change Threat C Laydon As Australians, we are used to dealing with warmer climatic conditions, and over the last six months we have seen a number of climate records being broken. With our changing climate these extremes ... READ MORE

ODOUR CONTROL AT A WWTP IN A COMBINED STORMWATER SEWAGE CATCHMENT TREATING DOMESTIC AND INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER Effects of managing WWTP odour through the addition of ferrous chloride J Barrnett TasWater operates the Ti-Tree Bend (TTB) wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), a continuous mixed activated sludge (CMAS) plant, in Launceston, Tasmania ... READ MORE

THE NEXT STEP: UPGRADE OF THE MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR AT NORTH HEAD RECYCLED WATER PLANT After nine years of operation, SWC considered options to cater for the increased demand for recycled water at North Head WWTP K Chow, D Connaire, G James, P Zauner The Recycled Water Plant (RWP) at Sydney Water Corporation's (SWC) North Head Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) was commissioned in August 2005. The RWP consists of a Membrane Bioreactor... READ MORE

VOLUME 2 – ISSUE 1

CALCULATING UNCERTAINTY IN THE SUPPLY-DEMAND BALANCE C Reed, J Reed & C Green Outage and headroom are concepts that are included in some form in many water utilities’ approach to water resource planning. Outage represents an allowance for a reduction in source or treatment ... READ MORE

LIFTING THE ‘BIG DATA’ VEIL Creating Value through Applied Data Science P Prevos The words “Big Data” have become synonymous with promises of boundless benefits. Big Data algorithms are attributed almost mystical capabilities to improve the experience of customers or optimise  ... READ MORE

THE IMPACT ON DEVELOPMENT AND INVESTMENT OF WATER LAW AND POLICY FRAMEWORKS IN NORTHERN AUSTRALIA: A review              M Hartley The obvious challenge in water law in Northern Australia arises from legal inconsistency across jurisdictions. In the absence of a Commonwealth referral of power from WA and QLD, as illustrated in the ... READ MORE

BACTEROIDALES: REVOLUTIONISING MICROBIAL SOURCE TRACKING The age of using Escherichia coli and Enterococci sp. as standard faecal indicator bacteria is coming to an end. B J Tillett, V Pettigrove Managers of recreational waterways are increasingly concerned with health risks associated with human faecal contamination. Currently Escherichia coli and Enterococci sp. are the standard indicators ... READ MORE

THE EVOLUTION OF LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT Water Sensitive Urban Design and its extension to China as “sponge cities” J C Radcliffe Since the 1980s, there has been recognition that urban development should take account of the natural water cycle, seeking to manage water flows as would have occurred on the original greenfield ... READ MORE

INCREASING THE TRANSPARENCY OF WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT Health-based targets offer opportunity to improve insights on drinking water safety C Owens, M Angles, M Crabtree It is intuitive to judge the safety of drinking water principally on an observed absence of contamination. This was the case at the birth of modern drinking water quality management: in 1855 John Snow ... READ MORE

REDUCING PUMPING POWER COSTS BY VARIABLE SPEED PUMPING The missing link between the system curve and variable speed pump curve reveals the benefits, and potential pitfalls, of variable speed drives T Leyden Power consumption is an expense that often drives capital expenditure decisions and maintenance schedules to ensure it is minimised. By thorough understanding of the relationship between the ... READ MORE

WATER TRADING IN THE MELBOURNE REGION Discussion on the drivers and barriers to water trading H Eggestrand, K Gan, M Moglia Since the Millennial Drought, the Melbourne Region has moved towards a more secure water supply system through the construction of a desalination plant and the North-South Pipeline. In addition, there ... READ MORE

CURRENT ISSUES IN WATER DEMAND MODELS BEING USED IN AUSTRALIA: A SURVEY Reviewing the current demand forecasting models used by water authorities and agencies in Australia R Sarker and S Gato-Trinidad Water demand modelling is traditionally based on population growth and standards based on historical records of water consumption. Climate change, drought, increasing growth in population, agriculture ... READ MORE

VOLUME 1 – ISSUE 4

MAXIMISING SEWERAGE ASSET DATA: A DESKTOP TOOL TO RANK SEWAGE PUMP STATION CAPACITY A data-driven decision making tool to monitor critical sewerage infrastructures F Bressan, S Zhong, N Turich The electronic age – or as some term it, the Fourth Industrial Revolution1 – has propelled the amount of available data being recorded. This is no different for a water utility such as the South Australian Water ... READ MORE

A DIGITAL STRATEGY FOR LAND DEVELOPMENT How Yarra Valley Water saved costs, optimised resources and enhanced online customer experience through their easyACCESS portal A Alchin Yarra Valley Water (YVW) has implemented the easyACCESS system, with an industry first FICO (Fair Isaacs Corporation) business rules engine to map processes and streamline the decision-making for the ... READ MORE

DETECTION METHODS FOR FAECAL CONTAMINATION EVENTS: THE GAP FOR AUSTRALIA Trends in pathogen detection and recent developments in the field of pathogenic bacteria detection J Chapman, A Anastasi, A Power, S Chandra, L Voss, P Rajapaksha and S Cosford This review paper analyses the trends in pathogen detection and other recent developments in the field. The detection of pathogenic microorganisms is essential to end-users of water systems, particularly if the ... READ MORE

AIDING WATER UTILITIES CONSIDERING DEVELOPMENT PLANNING WITHIN OPEN WATER SUPPLY CATCHMENT Top ten learnings from planning tribunals in Victoria regarding development within open potable water supply catchments K Billington, D Deere Victoria has specific statutory planning provisions for developments on land in an open drinking water catchment. As a referral authority, water utilities can object to a planning permit application where the risk to ... READ MORE

USING MARKET BASED INSTRUMENTS TO DELIVER COST-EFFECTIVE STORMWATER MANAGEMENT OUTCOMES Outcomes from an innovative pilot study J Cheesman, L Harvey, CJ Walsh This paper reports the results of a market-based instrument (MBI) pilot, an outcome-based auction, for installing rainwater tanks on homes in Dobsons Creek which runs through the peri-urban community of the ... READ MORE

OUR SPACE, YOUR PLACE: OPENING WATER UTILITY LAND FOR LIVEABILITY A new online application from Melbourne Water K Naylor Melbourne Water is the largest land owner in Victoria after the crown, and our land is now available for projects that benefit the wider community. Big or small, short- or long-term, we are interested in a wide variety ... READ MORE

BUSINESS-CENTRIC CHANGE MANAGEMENT How a business-centric change management approach delivered positive project outcomes for Yarra Valley Water M-L Han With often-massive investments made by businesses when implementing new information technology (IT) systems, there’s an ever-increasing interest in successful IT projects. This paper shares the lessons learnt ... READ MORE

NEW SOUTH WALES ABORIGINAL COMMUNITIES WATER AND SEWERAGE PROGRAM Improving the health and wellbeing of Aboriginal people living in discrete communities by providing safe and effective water and sewerage services W Henderson, P Byleveld, J Standen, S Leask The New South Wales Aboriginal Communities Water and Sewerage Program aims to improve the health and wellbeing of Aboriginal people living in discrete communities by providing safe and effective water and ... READ MORE

LAUNCH OF NEW ONLINE MAP FOR LEAKS AND BREAKS How Sydney Water is keeping their customers at the heart of what they do P Ambrosoli Sydney Water supplies over 1.4 billion litres of drinking water to homes and businesses each day through a network of over 21,000 kilometres of watermains.  Both planned and unplanned water outages cause customer ... READ MORE

GREEN SQUARE: PROTECTING COMMUNITIES AND ENABLING URBAN RENEWAL THROUGH EFFECTIVE FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT An outline of an innovative design and construction solution, including a new 2.5km underground stormwater drain. N Taylor, D Kent, K Woodbury, M Lewis, S Muralitharan The Green Square Stormwater Drain (GSSD) is the culmination of a strategic alignment between City of Sydney and Sydney Water to provide flood protection in the Green Square area. Through a complex process ... READ MORE

VOLUME 1 – ISSUE 3

CATCHMENT MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT STANDARD An overview of the key findings from the ‘Source Catchments as Water Quality Treatment Assets Project’ C Wearing, J Cheesman, S Skull, G Ramachandran, K Henderson Water utilities undertake catchment management for a variety of reasons. Catchment management programs may be a regulatory requirement to complement conventional water treatment, or they may be voluntary... READ MORE

IMPROVED TRADE WASTE CO-DIGESTION A trial showing that digestion with recuperative thickening is effective to reduce digester process inhibition risks and improve FOG loading rate in municipal digesters. JH Thiele, P Burt, M Monaghan The combined anaerobic digestion (co-digestion) of municipal wastewater treatment plant biosolids and trade waste (food residuals, selected industrial processing waste and grease trap waste) to biogas and... READ MORE

KEEPING WIPES OUT OF THE PIPES Sydney Water’s educational program to influence customer behaviour K Smith, C Kawtal Question: Four blue whales, 60 Tyrannosaurus Rex, 20 buses, a fully loaded Sydney train, a jumbo jet… What do all these things have in common? Answer: They are all about 500 tonnes in weight – which equates ... READ MORE

LIVING BROOKLYN: INDUSTRIAL REMEDIATION THROUGH WATER An Integrated Water Cycle Management (IWCM) strategy to reduce water and air pollution from the Brooklyn Industrial Precinct S Roberts, T Dixon, A Gray, R Jones, D Browne The Brooklyn Industrial Precinct (BIP) is a major industrial and business hub located in Melbourne’s inner west. The BIP and adjacent areas downwind suffer the highest levels of air pollution in greater Melbourne... READ MORE

A RISK-BASED APPROACH FOR MANAGEMENT AND REGULATION OF WET-WEATHER OVERFLOWS Managing and prioritising wet-weather overflows to deliver better, more cost-effective outcomes C Port, F Garofalow, M Cassidy, N Abulafia, T Chen, C Cantrell Overflow points in Sydney’s wastewater system allow excess wastewater to flow to stormwater drains or waterways in heavy rain to avoid flooding of homes and businesses. Sydney Water is regulated for... READ MORE

ECONOMIC IMPACT OF ST JOHNS RIVER WATER QUALITY ON PROPERTY VALUES A study examining the proximity effects of water quality on house prices in the St Johns River system in Florida, US V Seidel, C Diamond, P Yacobellis, A Barker, C Cortez The St Johns River is located on the east coast of north Florida in the US. It is approximately 500km long and 5km wide at its widest point. The river flows through 12 counties and about 3.5 million... READ MORE

IN-SITU DESALINATION FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT IRRIGATION DESIGN PROGRAM Performance of two commercial membranes to configure a membrane-based subsurface irrigation system for germinating bean seeds V Lima, P Le-Clech, G Leslie, B Sutton The use of water with a high presence of total dissolved solids (TDS) can cause deleterious effects on both plant growth and soil quality. In order to mitigate these impacts, the removal of salts... READ MORE

SYDNEY WATER’S CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE DESIGN PROGRAM TRANSFORMING INTO A CUSTOMER-CENTRIC ORGANISATION M Storey, A Nair, J Isben, R Davies, D Kernahan To inform and support Sydney Water’s transformation to a customer-centric organisation, a Customer Experience (Cx) Design program of work was initiated. The first phase of this program was recently... READ MORE

WSUD STRATEGIES TO MINIMISE THE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND URBANISATION ON URBAN SEWERAGE SYSTEMS A study to quantify the impacts of implementing rainwater tanks in terms of minimising SSOs T Nasrin, N Muttil, AK Sharma Urban drainage systems are frequently unable to cope with increasingly intense storm events, mainly due to non-stationary climate and rapid urbanisation. As drainage systems become less efficient ... READ MORE

WATER SCARCITY AND INTERSTATE CONFLICT NEO-MALTHUSIANISM VS. RESOURCE OPTIMISM – A SOCIAL CAPITAL APPROACH A Kosovac Water scarcity is an increasingly important issue in a world of changing climate and neo-Malthusians argue that it will lead to increased conflict between states. Resource optimists, who view water as far too... READ MORE

REMOVAL OF HEAVY METALS FROM STORMWATER RUNOFF BY A PASSIVE MULTI-BARRIER TREATMENT SYSTEM FIELD EVALUATION AT GLENCORE’S BULK STORAGE FACILITY IN PORT OF TOWNSVILLE K Athanasiadis, P McFadyen, M Brennan A series of white papers and articles published in peer-reviewed journals have focused on the challenge of evaluating stormwater runoff quality and the ability of commercially available stormwater runoff devices... READ MORE

THE PARRAMATTA RIVER WATERWAY IMPROVEMENT PLAN IMPLEMENTING WSUD STORMWATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS TO IMPROVE THE HEALTH OF THE PARRAMATTA RIVER T Nadesan The purpose of the Parramatta River Waterway Improvement Plan is to implement a series of integrated stormwater management projects that will help improve the ecological and social value of Parramatta River ... READ MORE

ASSESSMENT OF IMPACTS FROM A WASTEWATER DISCHARGE IN A WHOLEOF- CATCHMENT CONTEXT A STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF DISCHARGES FROM GISBORNE RWP IN VICTORIA ON THE HEALTH OF JACKSONS CREEK K Hassell, C Kellar, K Townsend, M Arora, K Berg, A May, V Pettigrove Current treated wastewater discharge licenses are quite prescriptive and focus on compliance of trigger values for certain water quality parameters (e.g. nutrients and suspended solids) in the receiving waterway to... READ MORE

VOLUME 1 – ISSUE 2

SELLING ICE TO ESKIMOS RETHINKING DEMAND MANAGEMENT WHEN YOU ARE NOT IN DROUGHT C Agnew, P Mulley, N Quinn, N Thatcher, D Lambert Sydney Water has a rich history in demand management. Water efficiency began in 1999 with Waterfix, the first and largest program in terms of customer participation. In 2007, water scarcity was the most important ... READ MORE

BROADENING THE TARGETS FOR MICROBIAL WATER QUALITY HOW THE CLOSE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN BACTERIA COMMUNITY COMPOSITION AND ELEVATED NUTRIENTS IN ESTUARIES COULD BE EXPLOITED TO SELECT A RANGE OF WATER QUALITY INDICATORS K Gibb, M Kaestli, J Smith, K McGuinness DNA technologies give us an unprecedented opportunity to broaden microbial water quality targets for routine monitoring. It is now well understood that the conventional indicators Escherichia coli and enterococci can... READ MORE

ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT OF WASTEWATER DISCHARGES INFORMING SENSIBLE OUTCOMES A Laidlaw, J Day, J Mullins North East Water implemented an ecological risk assessment (ERA) program for wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) discharges in 2008. The aim of an ERA is to use science to determine the level of risk that a waste... READ MORE

EVALUATION OF THE UPGRADE EFFECTS IN FOUR SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS IN NSW, AUSTRALIA ANALYSING THE CONSEQUENCES OF QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE UPGRADES IN SEWAGE TREATMENT M Lequerica, R McInnes Bacterial contamination, dissolved oxygen depletion and eutrophication are the most common negative environmental impacts of untreated sewage discharges on rivers and freshwater streams. The intensification of... READ MORE

UNDERSTANDING INTEGRATED URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT AS AN IDEOLOGY, METHOD AND OBJECTIVE AN INVESTIGATION INTO INDUSTRY PERCEPTIONS OF IUWM AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN MELBOURNE C Furlong, RMIT University Melbourne; S De Silva, RMIT University Melbourne; L Guthrie, RMIT University Melbourne Over the past three years the authors have investigated the international evolution of Integrated Urban Water Management (IUWM) and its implementation within Melbourne. Research findings have shown that there may... READ MORE

MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR AEROBIC TREATMENT UNITS AND GREYWATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS IN WA A REVIEW OF AREAS THAT COULD BE IMPROVED AND SPECIFIC RECOMMENDATIONS OFFERED T McGrath, N Shishkina, R Theobald, C Rodrigues Aerobic Treatment Units (ATU) and Greywater Treatment Systems (GTS) are electrically driven onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTS) designed to treat wastewater to secondary effluent quality standards. ATU are ... READ MORE

WATER MANAGEMENT IN NSW AND COLOMBIA: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES RESULTS OF AN ANALYSIS CONDUCTED OF BOTH NSW AND COLOMBIAN FRAMEWORKS J Canon, IPART Due to its interstate water-sharing requirements, social, economic and environmental pressures, and dry and highly variable climatic conditions compared to international standards, New South Wales has faced challenging... READ MORE

INDUSTRY PARTNERSHIPS IN POLAR REGIONS SCIENCE IMPLICATIONS FOR MUNICIPAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL WATER TREATMENT K Northcott, B Freidman, G Stevens, I Snape, K Mumford Industry participation in water and waste management projects in polar areas presents opportunities for improvement of treatment technologies in the broader global context. For this reason it is useful for industry to build strong ... READ MORE

DEEP OCEAN OUTFALLS – A SUSTAINABLE OPTION FOR SYDNEY WHY DEEPWATER OCEAN OUTFALLS ARE A VIABLE SOLUTION FOR ONGOING DISPOSAL OF WASTEWATER IN SYDNEY P Tate, C Marvell Sydney Water’s three deep ocean outfalls (servicing the wastewater treatment plants at North Head, Bondi and Malabar) were commissioned in the early 1990s and turn 25 years of age in 2015/16. Combined, the outfalls service the... READ MORE

ENERGY AND NUTRIENT FACTORY AT AMERSFOORT WWTP IN THE NETHERLANDS RECOVERY OF ENERGY AND NUTRIENTS FROM WASTE-ACTIVATED SLUDGE AND WASTEWATER L Kox, B Geraats Amersfoort wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in The Netherlands is owned and operated by Dutch Waterboard Vallei & Veluwe. In 2013, Eliquo Water & Energy was awarded the project to upgrade the existing wastewater and sludge ... READ MORE

ACCELERATING IMPLEMENTATION OF EXTRACTIVE NUTRIENT RECOVERY AS AN INTEGRAL COMPONENT OF SUSTAINABLE NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT                          FINDINGS OF THE RECENTLY COMPLETED WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH FOUNDATION (WERF) STUDY ON EXTRACTIVE NUTRIENT RECOVERY S Jeyanayagam, W Khunjar, A Pramanik, C Mehta Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are life-essential macronutrients. Production of synthetic fertilisers containing N and P is an energy-intensive.... READ MORE

REPORT ON ‘FRAMEWORK FOR DIRECT POTABLE REUSE’ A CRITIQUE ON THE CHAPTERS ON SOURCE CONTROL AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT IB Law The report Framework for Direct Potable Reuse, released in mid-2015 by the WateReuse Research Foundation in conjunction with the American Water Works Association, the Water Environment Federation and the National Water Research.... READ MORE

VOLUME 1 – ISSUE 1

THE WATER SAFETY CONTINUUM A PRACTICAL WAY TO IMPLEMENT A HEALTH-BASED TARGET FOR MICROBIAL WATER QUALITY R Walker Best practice for managing drinking water quality is now accepted to be the use of Health Based Targets (HBTs). This approach is based on the fact that pathogenic microorganisms pose the greatest risk of water-borne disease, and that.... READ MORE

WESTERNPORT WATER COWES WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT UPGRADE PROJECT A REVIEW OF CWWTP’S MASTER PLAN AND PROJECT DEVELOPMENT PHASE C Jayasena, J Anderson Westernport Water provides water supply and wastewater collection and treatment services to an area of 300km2 about 100km south east of Melbourne, centred on the holiday resort of Phillip Island. Although the serviced area only has a.... READ MORE

ULTRAFILTRATION MEMBRANES FOR CLARIFIER AND BACKWASH WASTEWATER THE PILOT TRIAL RESULTS OF A GROUNDWATER CLEAN-UP PROJECT AT THE BOTANY GROUNDWATER TREATMENT PLANT IN SYDNEY P El Jbeily, F Barendregt, K Clark, F Akkawi The Botany Groundwater Treatment Plant (GTP), located in Sydney, NSW, forms a major component of the Groundwater Cleanup Project being undertaken by Orica and Chemicals Division (now Ixom Operations) to clean up contaminated... READ MORE

THE MERITS OF RISK MANAGEMENT: COMPLIANCE AS AN INVESTMENT EFFECTIVE RISK MANAGEMENT INCLUDES MANAGEMENT AND MITIGATION OF OPERATING CONTEXT RISKS AND TURNING THEM INTO OPPORTUNITIES A Davison, B Burford In today’s corporate world, it is fundamentally important for enterprise leadership to recognise, understand and manage risk. Regulatory compliance is necessary but not sufficient, because there are many real and significant areas of risk that.... READ MORE

SUSTAINABLE WASTEWATER TREATMENT THROUGH BIOSOLIDS MANAGEMENT A REVIEW OF TWO WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS IN THE UNITED STATES A Cooper, W Bailey, C Rogers, D Solley, M Laginestra Wastewater treatment represents significant energy consumption, and authorities are becoming increasingly aware of the urgent need to provide sustainable services in delivering services. Today, with a greater emphasis on energy efficiency and.... READ MORE

SEAWATER DESALINATION: A SUSTAINABLE SOLUTION TO WORLD WATER SHORTAGE PLANNING, DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF THE ADELAIDE DESALINATION PLANT JE Blesing, C Pelekani There are many parts of the world currently experiencing drought conditions combined with a water supply that is unfit for human consumption. Scarcity of water also results in reduced availability for food production. Alternative water sources are..... READ MORE

AUTOMATED ANALYSIS OF METERED WATER CONSUMPTION A REVIEW OF THE AUTOMATED ANALYSIS PROCESS DEVELOPED BY SA WATER S Zhong, N Turich, P Hayde SA Water collects and stores large amounts of customer meter data on a proprietary customer-billing platform. To inform infrastructure planning, SA Water Corporation has a need to generate analytics based on this data. Historically, the problem with... READ MORE

PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL AT WASTEWATER TREATMENT WORKS IMPLEMENTING NEW SLUDGE TREATMENT FACILITIES AT FOUR WELSH TREATMENT PLANTS TO AID PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL N Walding Dr Cymru Welsh Water (DCWW) is a major UK water business servicing most of Wales. Natural Resources Wales, the Welsh environmental regulator, dentified four wastewater treatment works (WWTWs) – Gowerton, Llanelli, Parc-y-splott and Pontyberem... READ MORE